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Ароидные: от болота до аквариума

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Дмитрий Логинов
Должность:
Автор сайта
Адрес:
Москва
Россия

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Автор большинства статей и материалов на этом сайте.

Dmitry A. Loginov (1977) is an aroid enthusiast. His professional occupation is as a professor in chemistry at the A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Nevertheless, he devotes all his free time to growing and studying plants. His plant interest is mainly focused on aquatic aroids, such as Anubias, Cryptocoryne, Bucephalandra, etc. In the last decade, he has visited many tropical countries, for example, Australia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and Vietnam, to study its wild habitats. Most of the plants collected by him were donated to collections of the Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden as well as the Botanical Garden of the Lomonosov Moscow State University. In 2014 he has founded this website.

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Good News for Aquarists: Artificial Hybrids of Bucephalandra kishii

Dedicated to the 85th birth anniversary of Josef Bogner (1939–2020), who was always in contact with both scientists and hobbists

We have already reported [1] that generative propagation of Bucephalandra is an extremely effective approach to the mass reproduction and improvement of these plants. Now it is time to talk about selection.

According to “The Überlist of Araceae” [2], the species diversity of Bucephalandra is estimated at 50 species, the descriptions of 30 species have already been published [3,4]. With such a large number of natural species, the creation of new varieties with different colors and leaf shapes does not make much sense. It is a completely different case to create hybrids for specific purposes, for example, for keeping plants in a fish tank (underwater). Fishkeeping is a popular hobby among people in many countries around the world, and plants that can live under water for a long time are becoming extremely much in demand. This is especially true for plants of the Araceae family, since most of their natural species are not able to grow under water. In particular, this problem was previously successfully solved for Anubias. Only one of eight Anubias species (Anubias barteri) is able to live indefinitely long under water. Interspecific crossing of the latter with the other species made it possible to obtain a wide range of underwater Anubias with various decorative qualities [5].

Figure 1. The cultivated specimen of Bucephalandra kishii. Photo: S. Bodyagin.

Unlike Anubias, the situation with Bucephalandra is not so tragic - only a few are not able to live in an aquarium. However, one of the most beautiful Bucephalandra species, Bucephalandra kishii, tends to prefer living on land (Figure 1). A distinctive feature of this plant is the noticeably raised primary lateral veins, which, in combination with the dark color of the leaf, give it special decorative qualities. In this article, we will talk about our experience in creating artificial hybrids based on Bucephalandra kishii.

Битва реофитов: аридарум против буцефаландры
“Ко мне он кинулся на грудь:
Но в горло я успел воткнуть
И там два раза повернуть
Мое оружье... Он завыл,
Рванулся из последних сил,
И мы, сплетясь, как пара змей,
Обнявшись крепче двух друзей,
Упали разом, и во мгле
Бой продолжался на земле.”
М.Ю. Лермонтов, “Мцыри”

Растения, как правило, скованы в движениях, поэтому в их мире сложно обнаружить столь эмоциональные сражения. Тем не менее, схватки между ними порой имеют не менее трагические последствия. Обычно основным противником флоры является не другое растение, а условия окружающей среды. Помещение нескольких видов в одинаковые условия на ограниченной территории приведет к доминированию одного из них, который быстрее и лучше сможет адаптироваться в сложившейся ситуации. В настоящей небольшой заметке я хочу поговорить об адаптационной способности двух систематически близких родов растений семейства Ароидные, эндемиков острова Калимантан: Аридарум (Aridarum) и Буцефаландра (Bucephalandra).